Unit 2 Deadlines

Complete all Unit 2 Tasks and submit work by Friday 20th December 2013

P3 - Explain the issues related to the use of information - Legal, Ethical & operational Issues Report

https://www.edmodo.com/post/165960698
D1 - Explain the issues related to the use of information - Compare legal, ethical & operational issues

https://www.edmodo.com/post/177362973 

P4 - Know the features and functions of information systems - Describe the features and functions of information systems
P5 - Know the features and functions of information systems - Identify the information systems used in a specified organisation (City Academy)

https://www.edmodo.com/post/179710197

M2 - Know the features and functions of information systems - illustrate the input and output of information within a specified functional area of an organisation

https://www.edmodo.com/post/183275181

D2 - Know the features and functions of information systems - analyse the legal and ethical implications of the illustrated input and outputs

https://www.edmodo.com/post/185197619

All work should be uploaded 

D1 - Refresher

Compare legal, ethical and operational issues that may affect organisations

evidence must include a comparison of at least two criteria for each of the legal, ethical and operational issues and how they affect at least two different organisation types.

This evidence could be an extension of P3 but should compare the examples. Evidence of effects on the organisation must be clearly explained within the learner evidence.

example of table layout, you can choose any of the issues listed below the table

	Issue	Sector
		Public	Private
Legal	Data Protection Act
	Copyright
Ethical Issues	Disability
	Internal Policies
Operational Issues	Continuance Planning
	Security of Information

Legal issues
• data protection legislation (e.g. Data Protection Act 1998)
• Freedom of Information Act 2000
• other relevant legislation (e.g. Computer Misuse Act
1990)
• copyright considerations.

Ethical issues
• examples of ethical issues (e.g. moral, whistle blowing,
disability, use of information)
• codes of practice (e.g. email, internet, internal policies,
intellectual property, content)
• other (e.g. reporting bad practice or breaches).

Operational Issues
• security of information (e.g. backups)
• health and safety (e.g. processes, procedures,
regulations)
• organisational policies
• costs (e.g. for development, modification, training,
system upgrades)
• continuance planning.

M2 & D2 Information

ATL Details

Make sure to use the correct shapes when creating your data flow diagram.



The table shows the information that should be contained in the DFD for the ATL.

Purchase Order

The table shows the information needed for the purchase order.

D2 - Legal & Ethical Issues of Systems in DFD

Analyse the legal and ethical implications on the data flows that they have identified in their diagrams. Their diagrams could be annotated to identify these and/or a separate detailed report used.

Atls  
legal teachers can not access all details from home.   
DPA how does the school know that their computers are safe?    
Profiles to protect data different people have different levels of access
Computer misuse we have acceptable user policy
Ethical should post 16 be given to parents.  
should they be posted?   
should teachers have to justify colour code?   
training on giving grades

M2 - Create Two Data Flow Digrams

M2 - you need to identify the information systems used in a specified organisation.

To achieve M2 you must choose a specific area of the school (e.g. sixth form) and illustrate the input and output of information within two specific tasks carried out.

To do this you need to create two data flow diagrams (DFDs) explaining the input and output of information within your two departments. You must check each process to ensure that you have used the industry recognised symbols and correct errors.

http://vle.cityacademy.bristol.sch.uk/index.phtml?d=207331

External Entity

An external entity can represent a human, system or subsystem. It is where certain data comes from or goes to. It is external to the system we study, in terms of the business process. For this reason, people use to draw external entities on the edge of a diagram.

Process

A process is a business activity or function where the manipulation and transformation of data takes place. A process can be decomposed to finer level of details, for representing how data is being processed within the process.

Data Store

A data store represents the storage of persistent data required and/or produced by the process. Here are some examples of data stores: membership forms, database table, etc.

http://www.visual-paradigm.com/product/lz/tutorials/dfd.jsp

Data Flow Diagrams Explained

P5 - Systems Used in a Specified Organisation (Lesson 2)

P5 - Identify the information systems used in a specified organisation.

Frog Page http://vle.cityacademy.bristol.sch.uk/index.phtml?d=207331

City Academy is a large organisation that uses many business/organisational systems in order to deal with pupil information (many parts to this) financial recording and planning, booking, communication with parents, communicating with students and transport to name a few.

Produce a report or presentation (add to P4 presentation) with accompanying notes to show four information systems that are used within school. For each system cover the following:

• The name of the system;
• Type of system
• Which department(s) uses it
• The purpose of the information system
• The specific features and functions
• The effectiveness of the system (benefits, weaknesses and is it fit for purpose)

Types of information systems:

• management information systems (MIS) including features, benefits and suitability for purpose
• marketing analysis
• human resources (HR) (e.g. staffing, training and development)
• financial (e.g. sales, costings, investment returns)
• competitors.
• customer relationship management (CRM)
• decision support system

Hierarchy of decision making
• senior management
• middle management
• support staff

P5 Identify the Information Systems Used in a Specified Organisation

P5 - you need to identify the information systems used in a specified organisation.

City Academy is a large organisation that uses many business/organisational systems in order to deal with pupil information (many parts to this) financial recording and planning, booking, communication with parents, communicating with students and transport to name a few.

Produce a report or presentation with accompanying notes to show four information systems that are used within school. For each system cover the following:

• The name of the system;
• Type of system
• Which department(s) uses it
• The purpose of the information system
• The specific features and functions
• The effectiveness of the system (benefits, weaknesses and is it fit for purpose)

Types of information systems:

• management information systems (MIS) including features, benefits and suitability for purpose
• marketing analysis
• human resources (HR) (e.g. staffing, training and development)
• financial (e.g. sales, costings, investment returns)
• competitors.
• customer relationship management (CRM)
• decision support system

Hierarchy of decision making
• senior management
• middle management

• support staff

Types of Information Systems	Features of Information Systems	Functions of Information Systems
1. Management Information Systems (MIS)	Data People Hardware Software Communication/data flows	Input storage Processing Output Control and feedback loops Closed and open systems
2. Marketing Analysis Systems	Data People Hardware Software Communication/data flows	Input storage Processing Output Control and feedback loops Closed and open systems
3. Human Resource Systems	Data People Hardware Software Communication/data flows	Input storage Processing Output Control and feedback loops Closed and open systems
4. Financial Systems	Data People Hardware Software Communication/data flows	Input storage Processing Output Control and feedback loops Closed and open systems
5. Competitor Systems	Data People Hardware Software Communication/data flows	Input storage Processing Output Control and feedback loops Closed and open systems

A management information system (MIS) provides information that organizations require to manage themselves efficiently and effectively. Management information systems are typically computer systems used for managing five primary components: 1.) Hardware, 2.) Software, 3.) Data (information for decision making), 4.) Procedures (design,development and documentation), and 5.) People (individuals, groups, or organizations).Management information systems are distinct from other information systems, in that they are used to analyze and facilitate strategic and operational activities.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_information_system

P4 features and functions of information systems (lesson 2)

Building on previous lesson and the work completed on WOW day, students are looking to complete the task on the features and functions of information systems.

• Describe 3 of the systems listed, explain the puurpose of each and who may use them
• Give features and functions of each of the systems
• Give examples of a Closed & Open system (including diagrams)

Open System

Closed System


http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/design/systemscontrol/workingwithsystemsrev1.shtml

Task - Create a presentation (PowerPoint or Prezi) to teach others about different types of information systems.

In your presentation you will need to describe the different types of systems that are used, you must also include the features and functions of the information systems as well as an explanation of the purpose of the system and who might use them (real business examples would be beneficial here).

P4 Describe the features and functions of information systems

LO3 Know the features and functions of information systems

P4 - Features and Functions of Information Systems.

Task - Create a presentation (PowerPoint or Prezi) to teach others about different types of information systems.

In your presentation you will need to describe the different types of systems that are used, you must also include the features and functions of the information systems as well as an explanation of the purpose of the system and who might use them (real business examples would be beneficial here).

learners must describe the generic features and functions of information systems including reference to specific types of systems that could be used.

An information system has five parts: data, people,hardware, software and telecommunications.

Features:

• data - The data input to the system must be as accurate as it can be, subject to its cost and timescales for capture
• people - People are involved both in capturing the data and in exploiting the information
• hardware - In a small organisation, the MIS may run on just the sales or finance director’s PC.
• software - The simplest MIS can be built using standard software. However, most MIS use specialised software, which has the most common features of an MIS already built in.
• communication/data flows - An MIS may be delivered across the Internet, though this sometimes brings difficult security questions.

Function:

Input
Input to an information system has two parts:
• There is the detailed data which is stored and processed and forms the basis for the output from the system.
• Then the user must also tell the system what sort of analyses they want from the system. Sometimes this is hidden from the user and the IT department sets this up in advance of users using the system.

Storage
The data should be stored at the most detailed level possible.

Processing
Processing is what turns data into information.

Output

Output can be in two formats: graphical and textual.

Control and feedback loops
A control or feedback loop is what happens in the organisation as a result of the output from an information system. It should have some effect, direct or not, on future inputs to the information system.

Closed and open systems

In a closed system, the user may have some choice about what to report on, but they are limited to predefined output formats.

In an open system, there is often great flexibility on what
to report on and the format in which the information
is output.

Types of Information Systems	Features of Information Systems	Functions of Information Systems
1. Management Information Systems (MIS)	Data People Hardware Software Communication/data flows	Input storage Processing Output Control and feedback loops Closed and open systems
2. Marketing Analysis Systems	Data People Hardware Software Communication/data flows	Input storage Processing Output Control and feedback loops Closed and open systems
3. Human Resource Systems	Data People Hardware Software Communication/data flows	Input storage Processing Output Control and feedback loops Closed and open systems
4. Financial Systems	Data People Hardware Software Communication/data flows	Input storage Processing Output Control and feedback loops Closed and open systems
5. Competitor Systems	Data People Hardware Software Communication/data flows	Input storage Processing Output Control and feedback loops Closed and open systems

D1 Compare Legal, ethical and Operational Issues that may affect organisations

Distinction 1

Compare how two issues from each of the criteria affect two different organisations ( Public, Private, Non - Profit)

Complete the comparison in a table.

For a distinction criterion D1, evidence must include a comparison of at least two criteria for each of the legal, ethical and operational issues and how they affect at least two different organisation types.

The Private Sector

An easier way to think of the private sector is by thinking of organizations that are not owned or operated by the government. For example, retail stores, credit unions, and local businesses will operate in the private sector.The private sector is usually composed of organizations that are privately owned and not part of the government. These usually includes corporations (both profit and non-profit), partnerships, and charities.

The Public Sector

Some examples of public bodies in Canada and the United Kingdom are educational bodies, health care bodies, police and prison services, and local and central government bodies and their departments.The public sector is usually composed of organizations that are owned and operated by the government. This includes federal, provincial, state, or municipal governments, depending on where you live. Privacy legislation usually calls organizations in the public sector a public body or a public authority.

Unit 2 Information Systems - P3 Report

The complete report on how Legislation, Ethical Issues & Operational Issues impact organisations.

Submit the assignment on Edmodo.

https://www.edmodo.com/post/165960698

The deadline for the report is Fri 18th October 2013

P3 Operational Issues

Operational Issues (main heading)
Part 3 or your report on the issues related to the use of information this is added to the information on Legislation and Ethics

Security of information (e.g. backups - Companies should make frequent backups of information in case of problems)

Health and safety (e.g. processes, procedures, regulations)

Health & Safety at work act 1974

Organisational policies - An organisation's policies may have a significant effect on how it treats information.

Strong Hierarchy - may operate on a need to know basis.
Decentralised - staff at one location may not have access to certain files.

Costs (e.g. for development, modification, training, system upgrades)

Additional Resources - new equipment purchase & installation, training.

Development - when budgeting for a news system.

Continuance Planning - A Business Continuance Plan is put in place to plan how the business will continue if this go wrong.

P3 Ethical issues (lesson 2)

In the previous lesson the class looked at:

• Codes of practice; Email, Internet, Internal Policies, intellectual property and content in the workplace.

Today the class will focus on:

• Examples of ethical issues (e.g. moral(honesty, accountability, integrity and dedication), whistle blowing (how will the organisation respond and protect those staff who inform of malpractice), disability, use of information)

Study the media for examples of ethical issues and whistle blowing, to see examples of staff who have reported malpractice.

Whistle-blower 

Whistle blowing is when a worker reports suspected wrongdoing at work. Officially this is called ‘making a disclosure in the public interest’.A worker can report things that aren’t right, are illegal or if anyone at work is neglecting their duties, including:

• someone’s health and safety is in danger

• damage to the environment

• a criminal offence

• the company isn’t obeying the law (like not having the right insurance)

• covering up wrongdoing

https://www.gov.uk/whistleblowing/overview

Use of Information

The department that produced the data should own every field of data in every record.  Information ownership is much more complex. Many data owners may have supplied the original data that has been processed to produce this information.

We must ensure that sensitive or confidential information is carefully protected in order to safeguard the interests of the Organization, our clients, partners and staff. Confidential information must never be disclosed or used improperly for personal or other private gain.

http://www.un.org/en/ethics/information.shtml

Disability 

An employer who’s recruiting staff may make limited enquiries about your health or disability.

You can only be asked about your health or disability:

• to help decide if you can carry out a task that is an essential part of the work
• to help find out if you can take part in an interview
• to help decide if the interviewers need to make reasonable adjustments for you in a selection process
• to help monitoring
• if they want to increase the number of disabled people they employ
• if they need to know for the purposes of national security checks

You may be asked whether you have a health condition or disability on an application form or in an interview. You need to think about whether the question is one that is allowed to be asked at that stage of recruitment.

http://www.hse.gov.uk/disability/law.htm

Reporting Bad practice

Similar to whistle blowing but within an organisation how is bad practice reported in workplace.

Breaches

In data, security or information within an organisation.

P3 Assignment Hand In Legislation (part 1 of 3)

Upload the Legislation part of your assignment to Edmodo (join if you have not joined yet)

Join link - edmo.do/j/e9273w

Assignment Link - https://www.edmodo.com/post/160723426

P3 Part 2 Ethical Issues

Add information on Ethical issues to your report, this is the second part of three that make up the full report.

Some of the Ethical Issues you need to cover

• Codes of practice; Email, Internet, Internal Policies, intellectual property and content in the workplace.

Class looked at the different codes of practices for different organisations including Apple and spoke about what is included in the code of practice and how they relate to things like email and internet

• Examples of ethical issues e.g. moral (honesty, accountability, integrity and dedication), whistle blowing (how will the organisation respond and protect those staff who inform of malpractice), Disability and use of information.

Class looked at the different moral issues that face organisations including equal opportunities and equality. Identified what whistle blowing is and how employees can be protected when they decide to blow the whistle.

Study the media for examples of ethical issues and whistle blowing, to see examples of staff who have reported malpractice.

• Other
  (reporting bad practice or breaches in contracts whistle blowing)
  
  

P3 Legislation Lesson 2

Complete the section on Legislation today (x4 lessons on the subject x1 on each law)

Make sure you talk about the IMPACT of the law on your chosen businesses (one of which is Logos R Us)

Give examples of when the laws have been used or companies have been prosecuted using the laws.

(remember to save your sources, add the addresses to your report for bibliography)

Links

http://www.teach-ict.com/ has information on the different laws, use the search feature.

Unit 2 P3 - Legal Issues

To achieve P3 you need to create a report explaining the legal, ethical and operational issues that relate to collecting, processing and using information as well the impact this can have upon a range of organisations such as cost, procedures to put in place etc.

Some of the Legislation Issues you need to cover

• Data Protection legislation (e.g. Data Protection Act 1998)
• Freedom of Information Issues (e.g. Freedom of Information Act 2000)
• Other relevant legislation (e.g. Computer Misuse Act 1990)
• Copyright considerations(e.g. UK and international copyright law)